1923
Calendar year
Wikimedia Commons has media related to 1923. |
1923 (MCMXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1923rd year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 923rd year of the 2nd millennium, the 23rd year of the 20th century, and the 4th year of the 1920s decade. As of the start of 1923, the Gregorian calendar was 13 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which was relegated that February to use only by churches after Greece adopted the Gregorian calendar.
Calendar year
Events
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
- September 1 – The Great Kantō earthquake devastates Tokyo and Yokohama, killing more than 100,000 people.
- September 4 – The United States Navy's first home-built rigid airship USS Shenandoah (ZR-1) makes her first flight at Naval Air Station Lakehurst (New Jersey); she contains most of the world's extracted reserves of helium at this time.[10]
- September 7 – At the International Police Conference in Vienna, the International Criminal Police Commission (ICPC), better known as Interpol, is set up.
- September 8 – Honda Point disaster: Nine United States Navy destroyers run aground off the California coast.
- September 9 – Turkish head of state Mustafa Kemal Atatürk founds the Republican People's Party (CHP).
- September 10 – The Irish Free State joins the League of Nations.
- September 13 – Military coup in Spain: Miguel Primo de Rivera takes over, setting up a dictatorship. Trade unions are prohibited for 10 years.
- September 17 – 1923 Berkeley Fire: A major fire in Berkeley, California, erupts, consuming some 640 structures, including 584 homes in the densely built neighborhoods north of the campus of the University of California.
- September 18–26 – Newspaper printers strike in New York City.
- September 24 – Atlantic hurricane season: The second major hurricane strikes north of Hispaniola.
- September 26 – In Bavaria, Gustav Ritter von Kahr takes dictatorial powers.
- September 29 – The first American Track & Field championships for women are held in New Jersey.
- September 29 – The British Mandate for Palestine (1922) comes into effect, officially creating the protectorates of Palestine, as a homeland for the Jewish people under British administration, and Transjordan as a separate emirate, under Abdullah I.[11] The French Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon also takes effect.
- September 30 – Küstrin Putsch: Outside Berlin, Major Ernst von Buchrucker, the leader of the Black Reichswehr, attempts a putsch by seizing several forts.
October
November
- November 1
- November 8 – Beer Hall Putsch: In Munich, Adolf Hitler leads the Nazis in an unsuccessful attempt to overthrow the Bavarian government; police and troops crush the attempt the next day. 20 people die as a result of associated violence.
- November 11 – Adolf Hitler is arrested for his leading role in the Beer Hall Putsch.
- November 12 – Her Highness Princess Maud of Fife marries Captain Charles Alexander Carnegie, in Wellington Barracks, London.
- November 15 – Hyperinflation in the Weimar Republic: Hyperinflation in Germany reaches its height. One United States dollar is worth 4,200,000,000,000 Papiermark[13] (4.2 trillion on the short scale). Gustav Stresemann abolishes the old currency and replaces it with the Rentenmark, at an exchange rate of one Rentenmark to 1,000,000,000,000 (one trillion on the short scale) Papiermark (effective November 20).
- November 23
December
Date unknown
Births
January
- January 1
- January 2
- January 3
- January 4
- January 5
- January 6
- January 7
- January 8
- January 11
- January 12
- January 15 – Lee Teng-hui, Taiwanese politician, 4th President of the Republic of China (d. 2020)
- January 16
- January 18 – Jan Ruff O'Herne, Dutch-Australian human rights activist (d. 2019)
- January 19 – Jean Stapleton, American actress (All In the Family) (d. 2013)
- January 20
- January 21 – Prince Andrew Romanov, Russian-American artist and author
- January 22 – Diana Douglas, British-born American actress, mother of actor/producer Michael Douglas (d. 2015)
- January 23
- January 24 – Geneviève Asse, French painter
- January 25
- January 26 – Anne Jeffreys, American actress, singer (d. 2017)
- January 27 – Enrico Braggiotti, Monegasque banker (d. 2019)
- January 28
- January 29
- January 31 – Norman Mailer, American writer, journalist (d. 2007)
February
- February 1
- February 2
- February 3
- February 4
- February 5
- February 6
- February 7 – George Lascelles, 7th Earl of Harewood, first grandchild of King George V (d. 2011)
- February 8 – Urpo Korhonen, Finnish Olympic cross-country skier (d. 2009)
- February 9 – Brendan Behan, Irish author (d. 1964)
- February 10
- February 11
- February 12
- February 13
- February 15
- February 16 – Samuel Willenberg, Polish-born Israeli sculptor, painter and last surviving member of the Treblinka extermination camp revolt (d. 2016)
- February 17 – Jun Fukuda, Japanese film director (d. 2000)
- February 18 – Allan Melvin, American actor (d. 2008)
- February 20
- February 21
- February 22 – Norman Smith, English singer, record producer (d. 2008)
- February 23
- February 24 – David Soyer, American cellist (d. 2010)
- February 25 – Harry Leslie Smith, English writer and political commentator (d. 2018)
- February 27 – Dexter Gordon, American jazz saxophone player, actor (d. 1990)
- February 28
March
April
- April 2
- April 3 – Jozef Lenárt, Slovak politician (d. 2004)
- April 4
- April 5
- April 8
- April 10 – John Watkins, South African cricketer
- April 11 – David H. Murdock, American billionaire, businessman and philanthropist
- April 12
- April 13 – Don Adams, American actor, comedian (Get Smart) (d. 2005)
- April 14
- April 15 – Douglas Wass, British civil servant (d. 2017)
- April 17 – Étienne Bally, French sprinter (d. 2018)
- April 19
- April 20
- April 22
- April 23 – Dolph Briscoe, Governor of Texas (d. 2010)
- April 24 – Bülent Ulusu, 18th Prime Minister of Turkey (d. 2015)
- April 25
- April 27 – Lloyd F. Wheat, American lawyer and politician
- April 30
May
- May 1
- May 2 – Patrick Hillery, President of Ireland (d. 2008)
- May 3
- May 4
- May 5
- May 6 – Josep Seguer, Spanish football defender, manager (d. 2014)
- May 7
- May 8 – Yusof Rawa, Malaysian politician (d. 2000)
- May 10 – Heydar Aliyev, 3rd President of Azerbaijan (1993–2003) (d. 2003)
- May 11
- May 12 – Mila del Sol, Filipino actress, entrepreneur and philanthropist (d. 2020)
- May 13 – Ruth Adler Schnee, German-American textile, interior designer
- May 14
- May 15
- May 16 – Merton Miller, American economist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2000)
- May 17
- May 18 – Hugh Shearer, Prime Minister of Jamaica (d. 2004)
- May 19 – Peter Lo Sui Yin, Malaysian politician (d. 2020)
- May 20 – Israel Gutman, Israeli historian (d. 2013)
- May 21
- May 22 – Aline Griffith, Dowager Countess of Romanones, Spanish-American cipher clerk, aristocrat, socialite and writer (d. 2017)
- May 23 – Kalidas Shrestha, Nepalese artist (d. 2016)
- May 24
- May 25 – Bernard Koura, French painter (d. 2018)
- May 26
- May 27
- May 28
- May 29
- May 30
- May 31
June
- June 2
- June 3 – Peter Thorne, British Royal Air Force pilot (d. 2014)
- June 4
- June 5 – Peggy Stewart, American actress (d. 2019)
- June 6
- June 7
- June 8 – Tang Hsiang Chien, Hong Kong industrialist (d. 2018)
- June 9
- June 10
- June 11 – Bernard F. Grabowski, American politician (d. 2019)
- June 12
- June 13 – Lloyd Conover, American scientist (d. 2017)
- June 14
- June 15
- June 17
- June 18
- June 19 – Andrés Rodríguez, 47th President of Paraguay (d. 1997)
- June 20
- June 21 – Johann Eyfells, Icelandic artist (d. 2019)
- June 22
- John Oldham, American college player, athletic director and basketball coach (d. 2020)
- Felo Ramírez, Cuban-American Spanish-language radio voice of the Miami Marlins (d. 2017)
- June 23
- André Antunes, Portuguese sports shooter
- Makhmut Gareev, Russian general (d. 2019)
- Doris Johnson, American politician
- Mario Milita, Italian actor and voice actor (d. 2017)
- Silkirtis Nichols, Native American Indian actor
- Ranasinghe Premadasa, Sri Lanka statesman, 3rd President of Sri Lanka (d. 1993)
- Jerry Rullo, American professional basketball player (d. 2016)
- John E. Sarno, American medical writer (d. 2017)
- Giuseppina Tuissi, Italian Resistance fighter (d. 1945)
- June 24
- June 25
- June 26
- June 27
- June 28
- June 29
- June 30
July
August
- August 1 – Val Bettin, American actor
- August 2
- August 3
- August 4
- August 5
- August 6
- August 8
- August 9 – John Stephenson, American actor and voice actor (d. 2015)
- August 10
- August 11 – Roy Roper, New Zealand rugby player
- August 14 – Kuldip Nayar, Indian journalist, human rights activist and politician (d. 2018)
- August 15 – Rose Marie, American actress, comedian, and singer (d. 2017)
- August 16 – Millôr Fernandes, Brazilian cartoonist, playwright (d. 2012)
- August 17 – Carlos Cruz-Diez, Venezuelan artist (d. 2019)
- August 19
- August 20 – Jim Reeves, American country singer (d. 1964)
- August 21 – Larry Grayson, English comedian, game show host (d. 1995)
- August 22
- August 23
- August 24
- August 25 – Luis Abanto Morales, Peruvian singer, composer (d. 2017)
- August 26 – Wolfgang Sawallisch, German conductor, pianist (d. 2013)
- August 27
- August 28 – Andrea Veggio, Italian Roman Catholic bishop (d. 2020)
- August 29
- August 30
September
- September 1
- September 2 – Ramón Valdés, Mexican actor, Don Ramón in El Chavo del Ocho (d. 1988)
- September 3
- September 4
- September 6
- September 7
- September 8 – Joy Laville, English-Mexican sculptor, potter and painter (d. 2018)
- September 9
- September 10
- September 11 – Vasilije Mokranjac, Serbian composer (d. 1984)
- September 12 – Joe Shulman, American jazz bassist (d. 1957)
- September 13
- September 14 – Carl-Erik Asplund, Swedish speed skater
- September 16 – Lee Kuan Yew, Prime Minister of Singapore (d. 2015)
- September 17
- September 18
- September 20 – Geraldine Clinton Little, Northern Ireland-born poet (d. 1997)
- September 21
- September 22 – Dannie Abse, Welsh poet (d. 2014)
- September 23
- September 24
- September 26
- September 27
- September 28 – Giuseppe Casale, Italian Roman Catholic bishop
- September 29 – Nicholas Amer, English actor (d. 2019)
- September 30 – Donald Swann, Welsh composer (d. 1994)
October
November
- November 1
- November 2
- November 3
- November 4
- John Herbers, American journalist, author, editor, World War II veteran, and Pulitzer Prize finalist (d. 2017)
- Howie Meeker, Canadian ice hockey player and politician (d. 2020)
- November 5
- November 8
- November 9 – Elizabeth Hawley, American journalist (d. 2018)
- November 11
- November 12 – Loriot, German actor (d. 2011)
- November 13 – Linda Christian, Mexican film actress (d. 2011)
- November 14
- November 15
- November 17
- November 18
- November 19 – Robert Harlow, Canadian writer and academic
- November 20 – Nadine Gordimer, South African writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2014)
- November 22
- November 23
- November 24 – Octavio Lepage, Venezuelan politician, former Acting President of Venezuela (d. 2017)
- November 25 – Mauno Koivisto, 2-Time Prime Minister of Finland and 9th President of Finland (d. 2017)
- November 26
- November 28
December
- December 1
- December 2 – Maria Callas, Greek soprano (d. 1977)
- December 3
- December 4
- December 5
- December 6
- December 7 – Ted Knight, American actor (d. 1986)
- December 8
- December 10 – Harold Gould, American character actor (d. 2010)
- December 11
- December 12
- December 13
- December 14
- December 15
- December 16
- December 17
- December 18
- December 19 – Gordon Jackson, Scottish actor (d. 1990)
- December 20 – Ambalavaner Sivanandan, Sri Lankan novelist (d. 2018)
- December 21 – Wataru Misaka, American baseball player (d. 2019)
- December 22 – Peregrine Worsthorne, English journalist, writer and broadcaster (d. 2020)
- December 23
- December 24
- December 25
- December 26
- December 27 – Lucas Mangope, President of Bophuthatswana Bantustan (d. 2018)
- December 28 – Louis Lansana Beavogui, Guinean politician (d. 1984)
- December 29
- December 31 – Balbir Singh Sr., Indian hockey player (d. 2020)
Deaths
January
- January 1 – Willie Keeler, American baseball player, MLB Hall of Famer (b. 1872)
- January 2
- January 3 – Jaroslav Hašek, Czech writer (b. 1883)
- January 8 – Shimamura Hayao, Japanese admiral (b. 1858)
- January 9
- January 11 – King Constantine I of Greece (b. 1868)
- January 12 – Herbert Silberer, Austrian psychoanalyst (b. 1882)
- January 13 – Alexandre Ribot, French statesman, 46th Prime Minister of France (b. 1842)
- January 16 – Abdul Kerim Pasha, Ottoman general (b. 1872)
- January 18 – Wallace Reid, American actor (b. 1891)
- January 19 – Amalia Eriksson, Swedish businesswoman (b. 1824)
- January 23 – Max Nordau, Hungarian author, philosopher and Zionist leader (b. 1849)
- January 27 – Carolina Santocanale, Italian Roman Catholic nun and blessed (b. 1852)
- January 30 – Columba Marmion, Irish Benedictine and Roman Catholic monk and blessed (b. 1858)
- January 31 – Eligiusz Niewiadomski, Polish artist, political activist and assassin (executed) (b. 1869)
February
- February 1
- February 3 – Count Kuroki Tamemoto, Japanese general (b. 1844)
- February 4
- February 5 – Count Erich Kielmansegg, former Prime Minister of Austria (b. 1847)
- February 6
- February 8 – Bernard Bosanquet, English philosopher and political theorist (b. 1848)
- February 10 – Wilhelm Röntgen, German physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1845)
- February 14 – Bartolomeo Bacilieri, Italian Roman Catholic cardinal (b. 1842)
- February 19 – Gerónimo Giménez, Spanish conductor, composer (b. 1854)
- February 21 – Prince Miguel, Duke of Viseu (b. 1878)
- February 22
- February 24 – Edward W. Morley, American physicist, chemist (b. 1838)
- February 26 – Walter B. Barrows, American naturalist (b. 1855)
March
- March 1 – Rui Barbosa, Brazilian polymath, diplomat, writer, jurist and politician (b. 1849)
- March 3 – Melancthon J. Briggs, American lawyer, politician (b. 1846)
- March 6 – Joseph McDermott, American actor (b. 1878)
- March 8
- March 11 – Júlia da Silva Bruhns, Brazilian merchant (b. 1851)
- March 15 – Goat Anderson, American baseball player (b. 1880)
- March 16 – George Bean, English cricketer (b. 1864)
- March 20 – Józef Bilczewski, Polish Roman Catholic prelate, saint (b. 1860)
- March 25 – Inokuchi Ariya, Japanese technologist, professor (b. 1856)
- March 26 – Sarah Bernhardt, French actress (b. 1844)
- March 27 – Sir James Dewar, British chemist (b. 1842)
- March 28 – Michel-Joseph Maunoury, French general (b. 1847)
- March 31 – Konstantin Budkevich, Soviet Roman Catholic priest and servant of God (executed) (b. 1867)
April
May
June
July
- July 9 – William R. Day, American lawyer and diplomat, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (b. 1849)
- July 10 – Albert Chevalier, British music hall comedian (b. 1861)
- July 12 – Ernst Otto Beckmann, German pharmacist, chemist (b. 1853)
- July 15 – Janey Sevilla Callander, British producer (b. 1846)
- July 17 – Theodor Rosetti, 16th Prime Minister of Romania (b. 1837)
- July 19 – Auguste Bouché-Leclercq, French historian (b. 1842)
- July 20 – Pancho Villa, Mexican revolutionary (assassinated) (b. 1878)
- July 23 – Charles Dupuy, French statesman, Prime Minister of France (b. 1851)
- July 30 – Sir Charles Hawtrey, British actor (b. 1858)
August
- August 1 – Pierre Brizon, French teacher, deputy and pacifist (b. 1878)
- August 2 – Warren G. Harding, American politician, 29th President of the United States (b. 1865)
- August 5 – Vatroslav Jagić, Croatian scholar (b. 1838)
- August 9 – Victor II, Duke of Ratibor (b. 1847)
- August 10 – Joaquín Sorolla, Spanish painter (b. 1863)
- August 19 – Vilfredo Pareto, Italian economist (b. 1848)
- August 21 – Sir William Meredith, Canadian politician and judge (b. 1840)
- August 23
- August 24
- August 26 – Hertha Ayrton, English engineer, mathematician and inventor (b. 1854)
- August 27 – Edward Hill, American painter (b. 1843)
- August 29 – Princess Anastasia of Greece and Denmark (b. 1878)
September
- September 6 – Pedro José Escalón, Salvadorian military officer, 21st President of El Salvador (b. 1847)
- September 9 – Hermes Rodrigues da Fonseca, Brazilian soldier and politician, 8th President of Brazil (b. 1855)
- September 14 – Nemesio Canales, Puerto Rican essayist, novelist, playwright, journalist, activist and politician (b. 1878)
- September 17 – Stefanos Dragoumis, Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1842)
- September 19 – Sophus Andersen, Danish composer (b. 1859)
- September 23
- September 25 – Elbazduko Britayev, Russian playwright, author (b. 1881)
- September 26 – Luigi Tezza, Italian Roman Catholic priest and blessed (b. 1841)
October
November
December
- December 2 – Tomás Bretón, Spanish composer (b. 1850)
- December 4 – Maurice Barres, French novelist, journalist and politician (b. 1862)
- December 9 – Meggie Albanesi, British actress (b. 1899)
- December 10 – Thomas George Bonney, English geologist (b. 1833)
- December 11 – Kata Dalström, Swedish politician (b. 1858)
- December 12 – Raymond Radiguet, French author (b. 1903)
- December 13 – Théophile Steinlen, Swiss painter (b. 1859)
- December 14 – Giuseppe Gallignani, Italian composer, conductor and teacher (b. 1851)
- December 22 – Georg Luger, German firearms designer (b. 1849)
- December 25 – William Ludwig, Irish opera singer (b. 1847)
- December 26 – Rafael Valentín Errázuriz, Chilean politician, diplomat (b. 1861)
- December 27
- December 28 – Frank Hayes, American actor (b. 1871)
Nobel Prizes
References
Wikimedia Commons has media related to 1923. |
- ^ Albert, Norman (February 9, 1923). "Conacher Scored Six for North Toronto". Toronto Star. p. 12.
- ^ Kitchen, Paul (2008). Win, Lose or Wrangle: The Inside Story of the Old Ottawa Senators - 1883–1935. Manotick, Ontario: Penumbra Press. p. 246.
- ^ Mariz Tadros (March 18–24, 1999). "Unity in diversity"
. Al Ahram Weekly (421). Archived from the original
on May 30, 2014. Retrieved September 30, 2014.
- ^ Earl L. Sullivan (January 1, 1986). Women in Egyptian Public Life
. Syracuse University Press. p. 172
. ISBN 978-0-8156-2354-0. Retrieved October 6, 2014.
- ^ Nadje S. Al Ali. "Women's Movements in the Middle East: Case Studies of Egypt and Turkey"
(Report). SOAS. Retrieved September 21, 2014.
- ^ "Hooper, Albert W. "Bert""
. The History of Canadian Broadcasting. Archived from the original
on March 4, 2016. Retrieved January 28, 2015.
- ^ "FC Dynamo Moscow history"
. www.footballhistory.org. Retrieved July 10, 2018.
- ^ "Constitutional history at a glance"
. Al-Ahram Weekly On-line. March 3–9, 2005. Archived from the original
on March 8, 2005. Retrieved December 11, 2013.
- ^ "National Weather Service"
. Crh.noaa.gov. Retrieved August 25, 2013.
- ^ Named and commissioned October 10. Hayward, John T. (August 1978). "Comment and Discussion". United States Naval Institute Proceedings.
- ^ Palestine Royal Commission Report, Presented by the Secretary of State for the Colonies to Parliament by Command of His Majesty
. Cmd. 5479. London: His Majesty’s Stationery Office. July 1937. Archived from the original
on January 27, 2012.
- ^ "1923 Police Strike"
. Marvellous Melbourne. Museum Victoria. Retrieved February 19, 2018.
- ^ Tonge, Stephen. "Weimar Germany 1919–1933"
. A Web of English History. Retrieved March 14, 2012.
- ^ The Quarterly Review of Historical Studies
. Institute of Historical Studies. 1995. p. 38.
Categories: 1923
Information as of: 02.06.2021 06:27:21 CEST
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